In reproductive endocrinology, what is the main purpose of performing a hysterosalpingogram?

• A. To assess ovarian function
• B. To evaluate the patency of fallopian tubes
• C. To diagnose uterine fibroids
• D. To monitor fetal development

Answer: (B)

The main purpose of performing a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) is to evaluate the patency of the fallopian tubes. This procedure involves the injection of a contrast dye into the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, followed by X-ray imaging to visualize the flow of dye. A clear passage of the dye through the fallopian tubes indicates that they are open and functioning properly, which is crucial for fertility, as any blockage can prevent egg and sperm from meeting.

Assessing the patency of the fallopian tubes is particularly important in cases of infertility, as it helps determine whether the fallopian tubes are contributing to the couple's difficulties in conceiving. The HSG can also provide information about the shape of the uterine cavity, but its primary focus is on the fallopian tubes.

In contrast, ovarian function assessment, diagnosis of uterine fibroids, and monitoring of fetal development are not the primary objectives of an HSG. Other diagnostic methods, such as ultrasound or MRI, are typically used for these purposes.