What is an important screening test for detecting breast cancer?

• A. Ultrasound
• B. Mammography
• C. Biopsy
• D. CT scan

Answer: (B)

Mammography is considered the most important screening test for detecting breast cancer due to its ability to identify tumors at an early stage, often before they can be felt during a physical examination. This imaging technique uses low-energy X-rays to create detailed images of the breast, allowing for the detection of microcalcifications and masses that may indicate cancer. Regular mammography screening has been shown to reduce breast cancer mortality by facilitating early diagnosis and prompting timely intervention.

While ultrasound and biopsy are valuable in breast cancer diagnosis—ultrasound can help in assessing the characteristics of a breast mass and a biopsy provides tissue for definitive diagnosis—they are not typically used as primary screening tools. CT scans, while useful in staging and assessing metastasis in known cases of cancer, are also not employed for primary screening due to their higher radiation exposure and less specific imaging for breast tissue compared to mammography.