What is the leading cause of infertility in women?

• A. Fibroids
• B. Ovulatory disorders
• C. Endometriosis
• D. Age-related factors

Answer: (B)

The leading cause of infertility in women is ovulatory disorders. Ovulatory disorders encompass various issues related to the hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle, which can result in irregular ovulation or the absence of ovulation altogether (anovulation). Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are commonly implicated in ovulatory dysfunction, leading to anovulatory cycles and making it difficult for women to conceive.

While factors like age, endometriosis, and fibroids can also contribute to infertility, they generally account for a smaller proportion compared to ovulatory disorders. Age-related factors significantly affect fertility, particularly in women over 35, due to the natural decline in ovarian function. Endometriosis can lead to scarring and obstruction, impacting fertility, but its prevalence as a cause is lower than that of ovulatory issues. Fibroids, which are benign tumors of the uterus, can sometimes interfere with implantation or cause miscarriages but are less frequently the primary cause of infertility compared to ovulatory disorders. Therefore, ovulatory disorders are recognized as the most common and significant cause of infertility among women.