What is the primary method of diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

• A. Blood tests only
• B. Clinical history and ultrasound imaging
• C. CT scan and hormone levels
• D. Physical examination alone

Answer: (B)

The primary method for diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is through a combination of clinical history and ultrasound imaging. This approach is essential because PCOS is characterized by a variety of symptoms, such as irregular menstrual cycles, signs of hyperandrogenism (like hirsutism and acne), and polycystic ovaries visible on ultrasound.

By taking a thorough clinical history, healthcare providers can assess the patient's menstrual patterns, weight changes, and symptoms that may suggest hyperandrogenism. The ultrasound is critical in visualizing ovarian morphology, as many women with PCOS exhibit multiple cysts on their ovaries. This combination of data helps confirm the diagnosis while ruling out other conditions that might present similarly.

Blood tests can provide valuable information regarding hormone levels and metabolic status, but they do not independently diagnose PCOS. A physical examination, while useful in observing physical signs of the condition, would not suffice on its own without the supporting evidence from a clinical history and imaging. Similarly, although a CT scan could reveal ovarian structures, it is not the preferred imaging method for diagnosing PCOS, making the combination of history and ultrasound the most definitive diagnostic approach.