What symptom might indicate a condition called polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

• A. Menorrhagia
• B. Acne and hirsutism
• C. Heavy menstrual bleeding
• D. Vaginal dryness

Answer: (B)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder characterized by a combination of symptoms related to hormone imbalances. Acne and hirsutism, which refers to excessive hair growth in areas where males typically grow hair, are two prominent symptoms associated with PCOS. These symptoms arise from elevated levels of androgens, which are male hormones that women also produce in smaller amounts. The presence of acne indicates an increase in oil production in the skin, while hirsutism results from the sensitivity of hair follicles to androgens.

Understanding the connection between PCOS and these symptoms is essential for proper diagnosis and management. Women with PCOS often experience irregular menstrual cycles, and while heavy menstrual bleeding may occur, it is not as indicative of PCOS as the combination of acne and hirsutism. Other options like menorrhagia and vaginal dryness may be related to different gynecological conditions and do not specifically point to the hormonal imbalances typical of PCOS. Thus, the presence of acne and hirsutism serves as a strong indicator of PCOS, making it the correct choice in this context.