When an ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum ceases production of which hormone?

• A. Estrogen
• B. Progesterone
• C. Testosterone
• D. Luteinizing hormone

Answer: (B)

When an ovum is not fertilized, it leads to the degeneration of the corpus luteum, which is the structure formed in the ovary after ovulation. The primary hormone produced by the corpus luteum is progesterone. This hormone plays a crucial role in preparing the uterus for a potential pregnancy by thickening the endometrial lining.

If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates and its secretion of progesterone diminishes significantly, resulting in a drop in hormone levels that triggers the onset of menstruation. This hormonal decline is essential for the menstrual cycle, as it allows the uterine lining to shed if implantation has not taken place.

While estrogen, testosterone, and luteinizing hormone are also involved in reproductive functions, it is specifically progesterone whose production halts when the corpus luteum ceases function due to the absence of fertilization.