Which condition is characterized by symptoms such as irregular periods, acne, and hirsutism?

• A. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
• B. Endometriosis
• C. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
• D. Menopause

Answer: (A)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by a combination of symptoms including irregular menstrual periods, acne, and hirsutism. This hormonal disorder affects women of reproductive age and is often associated with an imbalance of reproductive hormones.

In PCOS, the ovaries may develop numerous small cysts, which contribute to hormonal irregularities. The symptoms arise due to elevated levels of androgens (male hormones), which lead to issues such as excessive hair growth (hirsutism) and acne, alongside the disruption of normal menstrual cycles. Irregular periods occur because the hormonal imbalance can prevent the ovaries from releasing eggs regularly, leading to infrequent menstrual cycles.

The other conditions listed do not typically present with this specific combination of symptoms. For example, endometriosis primarily involves pelvic pain and is related to the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, rather than hormonal imbalances causing such symptoms. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is associated with emotional and physical symptoms related to the menstrual cycle but does not typically include the combination of hormonal symptoms seen in PCOS. Menopause involves the cessation of menstruation and hormonal changes but does not encompass symptoms that include irregular menstruation occurring in early reproductive years like