Which gynecologic disorder is characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus?

• A. Plelic inflammatory disease
• B. Endometriosis
• C. Polycystic ovarian syndrome
• D. Uterine fibroids

Answer: (B)

Endometriosis is characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue, which is normally found inside the uterus, occurring outside of it. This can involve other structures within the pelvis, such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the tissue lining the pelvis. The misplaced endometrial tissue continues to behave as it normally would, thickening and shedding in response to the menstrual cycle hormones, which can lead to inflammation, pain, and the formation of scar tissue.

This condition is associated with a range of symptoms, including pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, painful intercourse, and infertility. The diagnosis of endometriosis often requires imaging studies or a surgical procedure for confirmation.

Other disorders listed do not fit this specific definition. Pelvic inflammatory disease involves an infection of the female reproductive organs, polycystic ovarian syndrome is related to hormonal imbalance affecting the ovaries, and uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus, not involving the abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside its normal location.