Which type of breast cancer is most commonly associated with the BRCA1 gene mutation?

• A. Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer
• B. HER2-positive breast cancer
• C. Triple-negative breast cancer
• D. Lobular breast cancer

Answer: (C)

The association of BRCA1 gene mutations with triple-negative breast cancer is well-established in clinical research. Triple-negative breast cancer is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and HER2 gene amplification. This subtype is more aggressive and is often diagnosed at a younger age in women with BRCA1 mutations.

Individuals with BRCA1 mutations have a higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to the general population. Specifically, the type of breast cancer that frequently develops in these individuals is triple-negative, which typically presents with more challenging treatment options due to its lack of targeted therapies associated with hormone receptor-positive or HER2-positive cancers. Understanding this association is crucial in guiding genetic testing and management strategies for women with a family history or known genetic predispositions.

In contrast, the other types of breast cancer mentioned either have hormonal or HER2 receptor activity, which are less commonly linked to BRCA1 mutations. Thus, triple-negative breast cancer stands out as the most prevalent type associated with BRCA1, making it essential knowledge for those studying women's health and oncology.