Which type of contraceptive is known as a long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC)?

• A. Oral contraceptives
• B. Intrauterine device (IUD)
• C. Contraceptive implant
• D. Condoms

Answer: (B)

The intrauterine device (IUD) is a long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) because it can provide effective contraception for an extended period, typically ranging from 3 to 10 years, depending on the type of IUD used. LARCs are characterized by their ability to be easily inserted and removed by a healthcare provider, and they do not require daily attention or consistent user action to remain effective, distinguishing them from other contraceptive methods.

The mechanism of action for an IUD involves either the release of hormones or the presence of copper, both of which create a hostile environment for sperm, thereby preventing fertilization. This long duration of effectiveness, combined with a low failure rate, makes it a highly reliable contraceptive option for those seeking a reversible method.

In contrast, oral contraceptives and condoms are not categorized as LARCs due to their requirement for regular usage or attention. An oral contraceptive requires daily administration to maintain effectiveness, while condoms are used at each act of intercourse. The contraceptive implant does share characteristics with LARCs in terms of long-term effectiveness but is separate from the IUD option. Thus, among the choices given, the IUD is the correct identification of a LARC.